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Guide -Book TO Detroit 

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AiVlERICAN 
LIB R ARJV 
ASSOCIATION 
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GuiDE-BooK TO Detroit 



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AAVE^RICAN 
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ASSOCIATION 
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Jxine 26--Jiil^ 1,1922 



Compliments of the 

DETROIT COMMITTEE FOR 

THE CONFERENCE OF THE 

AMERICAN LIBRARY 

ASSOCIATION 



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DETROIT 

THE stranger first coming to Detroit, if he be interested in the 
busy economic side of modern life, will find a marvelous indus- 
trial beehive; if he be a lover of nature he will take notice of a 
site made forever remarkable by the waters of the noble strait which 
gives the city its name; if he be a student of romance and history 
he will discover legends and records as entertaining and as instruc- 
tive as the continent can supply. 

Detroit's present speaks for itself. It has its good side and 
its bad. The city's location and the particular lines of endeavor 
along which the energies of its leaders have been directed have 
stamped it with a peculiar character. This individuality has come 
to be more especially apparent during the past two decades ; whereas 
the Detroit of 1900 was still something of a quiet country town, the 
metropolis of today represents quite accurately the feverish intensity 
and activity of modern industrial America. 

This aspect of twentieth century Detroit is not difficult to 
discover or to study. Less obvious is the story of the past. 

Incidentally, it is a past not unworthy of mention, nor unfit 
to be compared with that of other American cities. Excepting the 
old Spanish towns, no American city is a full century older than 
Detroit. As for the middle west, including the Mississippi Valley 
and the trans-Allegheny region, it includes no metropolis that ranks 
in age with the City of the Straits — Pittsburgh, Buffalo, Cincinnati 
and St. Louis are its juniors by many years, and even in old Louisi- 
ana, New Orieans and Mobile were not founded until after Cadillac 
had esteibfished his post at Le Detroit. 

Cadillac's name and fame long since caught the fancy of De- 
troiters, as they deserved to do. Though the eariy voyageurs and 
traders had established a post at famous Michilimackinac, and 
though Du L'hut had founded another fort near the strategic point 
where Port Huron now stands, it remained for Cadillac to perceive 
that neither of these sites compared with the one on "the strait." 

"Le Detroit," he wrote the great governor general. Count 
Frontenac, "is the real center of the lake country — the gateway to 
the west." 

Frontenac accepted this wise judgment, and in 1701, Cadillac 
led a party of voyageurs and soldiers from Montreal up the Ottawa, 



through Lake Nipissing and French River to Georgian Bay, and 
then down past Du L'hut's abandoned post to "the strait." 

Here, on "the fine open plains where the deer roam in graceful 
herds," as he wrote to Frontenac, Cadillac founded his post. It 
remained under the lilies of France for sixty years while dusky, 
equalid Indians traded their furs and sometimes waged bitter war 
on the French, while the adventurous covreurs de bois started on 
new exploring expeditions and while the simple-minded habitants 
and their numerous progeny cultivated the long, narrow farms, 
platted at right angles to the river so that each family should have 
access to the water for fishing purposes. The town itself was a 
mere hamlet, occupying what is now less than four small city blocks 
in the vicinity of Jefferson Avenue and Griswold Street. 

When Montcalm and Wolfe had fought their duel to the death, 
Canada and the Northwest passed on into the hands of Britain. 
A.S an English post, from 1763 to 1796, Detroit passed through 
exciting events — Pontiac's rising and long siege of the town; the 
Revolution, when Hair-Buyer Hamilton held sway until he was 
captured by George Rogers Clarke and his Virginians; the later 
Indian wars in which the British garrison usually gave aid, more or 
less open, to the redskins against the Americans. 

Under the British regime the town did not change greatly, 
though some English families came, among them a nuniber whose 
descendants are Detroiters today. It was still a trading post, with 
the Indians more difficult to control than before because of the 
quantities of firewater sold them by the English traders. 

After long delay, the post was surrendered to the United States 
in 1796, and John Francis Hamtramck, a brave Canadian-born 
soldier of the Revolution, raised the Stars and Stripes, which were 
to come down once more, but not to stay down, at the time of 
Hull's fiasco in 1812. 

During the first quarter-century of American rule Detroit grew 
but slowly. A fire in 1805 wiped out most of the original village, 
making it easy for far-seeing citizens to bring about the adoption 
of a new plan for streets and squares — the one which has been 
followed to the present day. 

One hundred years ago, Detroit was still a frontier village, with 
a population of not over 1500. At about that time commenced the 
great surge of population toward the West, helped at first by the 



early lake steamers, and in later decades tremendously accelerated 
by railways. In three decades after 1822, Detroit's population in- 
creased nearly 2,000 per cent and the town began to take on the form 
and character of a metropolis. Rapid growth continued. From 
1850 to 1900, the population doubled approximately every 15 years 
and many prosperous industries were developed, particularly the 
manufacture of stoves, steel railway cars and drugs. Soon after 
the opening of the present century came the beginning of the auto- 
mobile era, which has revolutionized many things, among them the 
city that is the greatest center of activity in this almost incredible 
industry. 

Detroit today does not suggest its French founders as plainly 
as does New Orleans, but it is as reminiscent of them as modern 
New York of Peter Stuyvesant and his burghers. It reveals the 
marvelous development of the Great West with as much emphasis 
as St. Louis or Chicago. It shows how a splendid natural setting 
can redeem a city, in part, from man's mistakes. It illustrates the 
immense vitality and energy of the American people. To the stu- 
dent of the past, its story is a never-fading romance, something of 
whose glamour and primitive vividness one may appreciate by 
studying Gari Melchers' three wonderful paintings in the Delivery 
Hall of the PubHc Library. 

N. H. BowEN. 

A Tour to Historic Sites 

DETROIT has no very old buildings such as are found in the 
cities along the Atlantic seaboard. The small wooden houses 
of which the old French town consisted were destroyed in the 
fire of June 11, 1805. When rebuilt, although laid out in wider 
streets, it was for the most part stiU a town of wooden buildings. 
Of these, many were well built of heavy timber, but their historical 
importance was not realized until increasing property values had 
caused their destruction. 

Tablets have been placed to mark a number of important sites 
and a pilgrimage to them gives a fair idea of the early history of the 
city. 

From the Hotel Statler, going southward tdong Washington 
Boulevard to Michigan Avenue, then east, past the front of the 



Cadillac Hotel and southward down Shelby Street, we come to the 
Detroit Post Office, On the south or Fort Street entrance is a tab- 
let with the following inscription: 



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1896 



This tablet designates the site of an English Fort erected in 1778 by Major 
R. B. Lernoult, as a defense against the Americans. It was subsequently called 
Fort Shelby, in honor of Governor Isaac Shelby, of Kentucky, and was demolished 
in 1826. 

The evacuation of this fort by the British at 12 o'clock noon, July 11th, 1796, 
was the closing act of the war of Independence. 

On that day the American flag was for the first time raised over this soil, all 
of what was then known as the Western Territory becoming at that time part of 
the Federal Union. 

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Turning east on Fort Street we reach Griswold Street, named 
after Stanley Griswold, first secretary of Michigan Territory. On 
the southwest corner of Fort and Griswold Streets, the tablet com- 
memorating the Fox Indian War may be found on the Fort Street 
side of the Moffat Building. 



Here encamped the Fox Indians (Outagamies) during the siege of Detroit, 
1712. 

Here also were buried the soldiers killed in the Battle of Lake Erie, 1813. 

Erected by the National Society of Colonial Dames of America in Michigan, 
1905. 

Going down Griswold Street, "the Wall Street of Detroit," 
toward the river, we cross the bed of the river Savoyard which was 
once a considerable stream and a prominent feature of the early 
geography of Detroit. The first settlement, "Cadillac's Village," 
lay west of Griswold Street, south of Lamed, covering a square 
arpent of land (192 feet 9 inches) which extended across what is 
now Jefferson Avenue. 

On the southwest corner of Griswold Street and Jefferson Ave- 
nue, on the Michigan Mutual Life Insurance Company's building, 
is a tablet commemorating the Conspiracy of Pontiac: 








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This tablet designates the site of one of the gateways of Fort Detroit. The 
original stockade was known as Fort Pontchartrain and was erected when the 
city was founded in 1701. 

Through the gateway here located, Pontiac, the Ottawa Chief, with a band 
of Indians passed on May Seventh, 1763, intending to surprise and massacre the 
garrison. 

The exposure of his plot on the previous day caused the defeat of his plans 
and gave the English the supremacy in this region until the close of the Revolu- 
tionary War. 

About a block and a half west, on the north side of Jefferson 
\venue (No. 220) may be read the following inscription: 

This tablet marks the starting point of the notable fire of June 11th, 1805, 
which is commemorated in the city seal. That fire destroyed every house save 
one in the ancient town of Detroit. It obliterated old lot lines and narrow streets 
and secured the wide avenues and public squares of the present day. 



8 



UP T)! 





Turning east on Jefferson Avenue, we cross the site of the 
demolished town with its "Commons," and pass that of the first 
shipyard at the foot of Woodward Avenue. On the building oc- 
cupied by the offices of the Detroit Water Works, southwest corner 

10 



of Jefferson Avenue and Randolph Street, is the "Old Council 
House" tablet with the following inscription: 

Old Council House. In 1796 when Detroit came under the rule of the United 
States an old stone building known as an Indian Council House was here located. 

For many years it was used as a court house, as military headquarters, for 
elections and for town meetings. It was destroyed in the great fire of May 9th, 1848. 

In 1827 the first city reservoir was located on the rear of this lot and sixty 
years later the property passed into the possession and occupancy of its present 
owners the Board of Water Commissioners of the City of Detroit. 

Four blocks farther east on the front of the Art Museum is a 

tablet reading: 

To Madame de la Mothe Cadillac, the first white woman to land upon these 
shores. By the women of Detroit. 1703-May, 1903. 

Still farther east (12 blocks) is another memorial of Pontiac's 
siege of Detroit on the wall surrounding the plant of the Michigan 
Stove Company: 

Parents Creek — The Pontiac Tree — ^Bloody Run. 

This tablet marks the course of the historic stream called "Parents Creek." 
After the battle of July 31st, 1863 which took place near by, it was known as "Bloody 
Run." 

That battle closely followed the Indian outbreak known as the "Pontiac con- 
spiracy" and resulted in a loss to the English of fifty-six killed and wounded and 
the death of Captain DalyeU of the British Army. 



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An old monarch of the forest known as the "Pontiac Tree" stood in this vicin- 
ity until 1886 and was said to have been a silent witness of the combat. 

July 31st, 1763— July 31st, 1902. Erected by the Michigan Stove Company. 

Returning down Jefferson Avenue to Bates Street, then turning 
north to Larned Street (one block) we reach the site of the first 
building of the University of Michigan commemorated by a tablet on 
the east wall of the building on the northwest corner, occupied by 
Farrand, Williams and Clark: 

The original building of the University of Michigan. 

The University of Michigan which since 1837 has been established at Ann 
Arbor was originally located at Detroit and occupied a building erected for the 
purpose in 1817-18 on the spot here designated. 

The first professorships were held by the Rev. John Montieth of the First 
Protestant Church and the Rev. Gabriel Richard of St. Anne's Roman Catholic 
Church. 

From 1844 until demolished in 1858 the building was occupied by the Board 
of Education of the City of Detroit. 

The first Sunday school in Michigan began its sessions in this building October 
4th, 1818. 

This tablet is erected by 
the University of Michigan 
Association of Detroit, A. D. 
1901. 

Two blocks north on 
Bates Street bring us to 
Cadillac Square. A block 
east is the Wayne County 
building, at the entrance 
to which is a tablet read- 
ing: 

This tablet is a tribute to 
Major General Anthony Wayne, 
U. S. A. to whom as general in 
command the English surrend- 
ered this region July 11th, 1796. 

The County of Wayne was 
created and named in his honor, 
August 15th, 1796. 

As then established the 
county embraced nearly all of 
the present state of Michigan 
and portions of Ohio, Indiana, 
Illinois, and Wisconsin includ- 
ing the sites of Milwaukee and 
Chicago and parts of Fort 
Wayne and Cleveland. 

Erected under the auspices 
of the Michigan Society of the 
Sons of the American Revolu- 
tion. 




12 







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Two blocks west of the County Building on Cadillac Square 
opposite the City Hall stands the Cadillac chair placed there at the 
celebration of the two hundredth anniversary of the founding of 
Detroit. On its back is the following inscription: 

1701 1901 

This chair erected July 24th, 1901 is located on the site of the City Hall 
built in 1835 and occupied until 1871 as the seat of civic authority. 

It is symbolic of the seigneurial rule of Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac, Knight 
of St. Louis, who with his company of colonists arrived at Detroit, July 24th, 
1701. 

On that day, under the patronage of Louis XIV, and protected by the flag 
of France, the City of Detroit, then called Fort Pontchartrain, was founded. 



13 




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15 



Return to the Statler may be made via Woodward Avenue or 
by going northwest on Michigan Avenue to Griswold Street, then 
north and west to Washington Boulevard across Capitol Square, 
the site, until 1847, of Michigan's state capitol, now marked by 
the statue of her boy governor, Stevens Thomson Mason. 




Grant House. The modest frame dwelling at 1369 East Fort Street was 
the home of Brevet Captain Ulysses S. Grant from AprU, 1849 until May 25, 
1850. A resolution recently passed by the Common Council provides for mark- 
mg this building. 



6 



Libraries 

The New Main Building of the Detroit Public Library, Wood- 
ward Avenue at Kirby Avenue, is described in a separate publication. 
(Unless otherwise specified the directions for reaching the libraries are from the 
Hotel Statler as a starting point.) 

Detroit Public Library Branches 

Herbert Bowen Branch, W. Grand Boulevard and Dix Avenue. 
Established, 1911-12. 

Neighborhood: largely American, with a few Lithuanians. 
Baker car going west on Michigan Avenue to the Boulevard. 15 minutes. 

Magnus Butzel Branch, E. Grand Boulevard and Harper Avenue. 
Established, 1912-13. 
Fine type of Tudor architecture. 
Neighborhood: largest Polish colony in the city; many factories including 

the Packard, Dodge, Hupp and others; a growing American patronage. 
Woodward car north to Baltimore; transfer to Grand Belt east, get off at first 

crossing of Boulevard and walk south to Harper. 30 minutes. 

James V. Campbell Branch, 6625 W. Fort Street. 

Established 1913. Moved to present building 1922. 

Neighborhood includes many factories. Patrons are middle-class American 

factory workers. To the west is a large Hungarian settlement. 
Any bus south. Transfer to Lafayette bus. Get off at Rademacher Avenue 

and walk south one block to Fort Street. 30-40 minutes. 

Edwin F. Conely Branch, 4600 Martin Avenue at Michigan 
Avenue. 

Established 1911. Moved to present building in 1913. 

Neighborhood: almost entirely foreigners, Poles, Russians, Germans and 
Ukrainians. The schools in the neighborhood include the largest parochi- 
al school in the city. 

"Michigan — Through' ' car on Michigan Avenue to Martin Avenue. 30 minutes. 

Divie B. Duffield Branch, W. Grand Boulevard and Dimedin 
Avenue. 

Established 1916. 

Neighborhood: residential, with many large apartment buildings and almost 

no factories; nearly 100 per cent American professional people. District 

includes 12 schools and Teachers' College. 
John R bus at Madison Avenue to Dunedin Avenue. 30 minutes. 

Bernard Ginsburg Branch, 637 Brewster Street, between St. 
Antoine and Hastings Streets. 

Established 1914. Moved to present building 1916. 

Neighborhood: 50,000 population with 49 per cent Jews, 17 per cent Negroes, 

13 per cent Italians. 
Book collection includes Russian, Yiddish, Hebrew, Italian and German books. 

Largest juvenile circulation in the branches. 
14th car north at Broadway to Brewster Street, walk half block west. 15 
minutes. 

John S. Gray Branch, 1117 Field Avenue, corner of Agnes Avenue. 
Established 1904. Moved to present building 1913. 

Neighborhood: mostly American professional people; bordered on the east 
by the fashionable Indian Village and on the west by a foreign district. 
Jefferson bus on Woodward Avenue to Field Avenue. Walk north to Agnes 
Avenue. 

17 



George S. Hosmer Branch, Gratiot Avenue at Pulford Street. 

Established 1900. Moved to present building 1911. 

Neighborhood: largest German colony in the city, mostly of the second gen- 
eration; some Poles, Italians, Jews and Negroes. 
Gratiot car at Cadillac Square. 20 minutes. 

Chauncey Hurlbut Branch, Waterworks (Gladwin) Park, Jeffer- 
son Avenue. 

Established jointly by the Board of Water Commissioners and the Detroit 
Public Library in 1905. Mr. Hurlbut left money to build the present 
building and maintain it, and left also a collection of books. Later the 
Detroit Public Library assumed all but the upkeep of the building and 
grounds. 

Jefferson bus on Woodward Avenue to Waterworks Park. 30 minutes. 

George V. N. Lothrop Branch, W. Grand Boulevard at Warren 
Avenue. 

Established 1912. 

Neighborhood: formerly entirely Americans, but now changing as Poles and 

Negroes move in. 
Woodward car north to Forest; transfer to West Crosstown. 30 minutes. 

Oakman Branch, 12846 Oakman Boulevard. 

Established January 25, 1922, in rented quarters, formerly a store. Collec- 
tion entirely adult. 
Neighborhood: a new and growing American community. 
"Trumbull — Through" (on Michigan Avenue) or Fenkell car to Buena Vista 
Avenue. 

George Osius Branch, Gratiot Avenue at Burns Avenue. 

Established 1914. 

Neighborhood: middle-class American families. 

Gratiot car at Cadillac Square. 30 minutes. 

Gabriel Bichard Branch, Grand Biver Avenue at Stoepel Avenue. 

In process of erection. 

Henry B. Schoolcraft Branch, 2200 Davison Boulevard at 
Lumpkin Avenue. 

Established November, 1921. 

Neighborhood: 26 nationalities, including Arabic, Swedish, Lithuanian, 
Ukrainian, Finnish and Slovakian. Largest Serbian colony in the United 
States. People from the Balkan States predominate, with Negroes a 
close second. 

Baker or Victor car at Cadillac Square. 30-40 minutes. 

James E. Scripps Branch, Grand Biver Avenue at TrumbuU 
Avenue. 

Established 1904. Moved to present building 1908. 

The building which was the old George Booth home, and the small park in 
which it is situated were given to the city by Mr. James Scripps and his 
heirs, the building to be used as a library. In remodeling, many of the 
old home features were retained, giving it an unusual home-like appear- 
ance, yet making it a very workable library. 

Neighborhood: comfortable, middle-class earning people, mostly American. 

Grand River car two blocks south of Hotel Statler to Trumbull. 15 minutes. 

18 



Henry M. Utley Branch, Woodward Avenue, between Alger and 
King Avenues. 

Present building opened, 1913. 

Largest branch building. 

Neighborhood: residential, with a large American adult patronage. Many 

Yiddish children are among the juvenile patrons. 
Woodward Avenue car north to Alger Avenue. 30 minutes. 

Charles I. Walker Branch, Mack Avenue at Montclair Avenue. 
Established November, 1921. 
Neighborhood: lately the village of St. Clair Heights, largely American with 

some Belgians of the second generation. 
Mack car at Cadillac Square to Montclair Avenue. 30 minutes. 

Special Agencies 

Down-Town Annex, 101 Gratiot Avenue. 

Located temporarily in the Old Library building, which was erected in 1875. 

Has been operating a little over a year as an Annex to the Main Building 
since the moving of the Main Collection to the new building. Serves the 
down-town business and shopping section. 

Has the largest collection in the city of foreign books and out-of-town news- 
papers. 

The old structure is to be torn down and a modern office building with space 
for a branch library built on the present site. In the meantime the old 
library with its dim galleries is an object of interest for its quaint 
architecture. 

Walk south on Woodward Avenue to Gratiot Avenue, on Gratiot Avenue 
east one block. About 5 minutes. 

Commercial Library, Detroit Board of Commerce, affiliated 
with the Detroit Pubhc Library. Corner of Lafayette Boulevard, 
and Wayne Street. 

On January 16, 1918, the Public Library established a commercial branch in 
the Board of Commerce, so as to serve better the needs of members and 
departments of the Board, with accurate and up-to-date information on 
business and commercial subjects. Most of the work is statistical. 

Walk 5 blocks south from Hotel Statler. About 10 minutes. 

Library, Detroit Institute of Arts, 704 E. Jefferson Avenue. 

Established in 1916. 

Maintained jointly by the Detroit Institute of Arts and the Detroit Public 
Library. Contains about 3,500 books relating to the fine and decorative 
arts and archaeology, the publications issued by American and foreign 
museums, dealers' catalogs, catalogs of private collections, a large number 
of photographs covering the history of painting and sculpture and about 
20,000 lantern slides illustrating the same subjects. Schools, artists and 
craftsmen are the chief patrons of the library, and the aim of the Institute 
is to build up a strong reference collection dealing with the possessions 
of the Museum. 

Jeflferson car at Grand River Avenue to Hastings Street, or Jefferson bus. 
About 15 minutes. 

Special Libraries 

Albee Company, William N Louise C. Grace, Librarian 

Organized: September, 1920. 

Character of Collection: Advertising and marketing. 
Size: Several hundred books, pamphlets, periodicals; over a thousand 
trade catalogs. 

19 



Location: 900 Marquette Building, corner of Wayne and Congress Streets. 
Walk south on Washington Boulevard to Michigan Avenue, cross Michigan 

Avenue, continue on Wayne Street to Congress Street. 
Open: 8:30 A. M. to 12:00 M.; 1:00 P. M. to 5:30 P. M. 

Burroughs Adding Machine Company Mrs. L. E. Ball, in charge 

Character of Collection: Burroughs literature. Accounting, Business 

Education and Management, Advertising, Printing. 
Size: 1500 volumes. 
Location: 6071 Second Boulevard. 

Woodward Avenue car north to Burroughs Avenue; walk two blocks west. 
Open: 8:30 A. M. to 12:30 P. M.; 1:30 P. M. to 5:30 P. M. 

Detroit Bar Association Olive C. Lathrop, Librarian 

Organized: Library purchased from Detroit College of Law in 1915; pre- 
viously owned by former Detroit Bar Association. 

Character of Collection: Law. 

Size: 25,000 volumes. 

Location: 648 Penobscot Building, on West Fort Street. 

Walk south on Washington Boulevard to Cadillac Hotel, west on Michigan 
Avenue to Shelby Street, south on Shelby Street to Fort Street, east on 
Fort Street to Penobscot Building. 

Open: 9:00 A. M. to 9:30 P. M. 

Detroit Edison Company Maud A. Carabin, Librarian 

Organized: 1915. 

Character of Collection: Beference collection on Mechanical, Electrical, 
Civil Engineering; Architectural, Legal, Metallurgical Subjects; Public 
Utility Reports and Decisions; Society Proceedings from most represent- 
ative scientific organizations in United States and Europe; selected U. S. 
Documents; bound volumes of about 175 periodicals. 

Size: 5,000 volumes. 

Location: 2000 Second Avenue, Room 626, The Detroit Edison Service 
Building (at corner of Elizabeth Street and Second Avenue). 

Wedk west on Adams Avenue to Grand River Avenue; cross Grand River Ave- 
nue and walk about one half block north to Elizabeth Street, then west 
on Elizabeth Street one block to Second Avenue. 

Open: 8:30 A. M. to 5:00 P. M.; Saturdays until 12:00 M. 

Note: Technical reports, operating records of permanent value, and all re- 
search reports and original data appertaining thereto are kept in the Li- 
brary and filed according to a subject classification, especially evolved 
to cover this material. The outline of this classification covers about 
125 typed pages, and is used as a filing guide by six other departments. 

Detroit News George B. Catlin, Librarian 

Organized: October, 1917. 

Character of Collection: General collection for reference in Newspaper 
work; Filing and Clipping department. 

Size: 16,000 volumes; 500,000 clippings. 

Location: Detroit News Building, 615 Lafayette Boulevard at Second 
Avenue. 

Walk south on Washington Boulevard to Wayne Street, south on Wayne 
Street to Lafayette Boulevard, west on Lafayette Boulevard to Second 
Avenue three blocks. 

Open: 8:00 A. M. to 5:00 P. M. 

Note: First general library established in a Newspaper Office. Very beau- 
tiful quarters in Renaissance style house the collection. Sight-seeing 
parties through the plant may be arranged. 

Employers' Association of Detroit Elva E. Clarke, Librarian 

Character of Collection: Industrial economics and labor problems. 
Size: Small collection of books, also current clippings and pamphlets. 

20 



Location: 1319 Book Building, Washington Boulevard. 

Walk two blocks south from Hotel Statler on Washington Boulevard. 

Open: 8:30 A. M. to 5:00 P. M.; except Saturday 8:30 A. M. to 12:00 M. 

First National Bank Laronda Gilbert, Librarian 

Organized: 1922. 

Character of Collection: Circulating Library, Banking and allied sub- 
jects. 

Size: About 500 volumes. 

Location: First National Bank Building on Woodward Avenue and Cadillac 
Square. 

Walk south on Woodward Avenue to Cadillac Square. 

Open: 9:00 A. M. to 5:00 P. M. 

Parke, Davis and Company Barbara Ortwine, Librarian 

/ Organized: 1894. 

\/ Character of Collection: Bacteriology, Physiology, Parasitology, Gen- 

eral Medicine, Veterinary Medicine, and Botany. 

Size: About 12,000 volumes and 300 journals. 

Location: Parke, Davis & Co., Biological Building, foot of McDougall 
Avenue. 

Woodward Avenue car south, transfer to Jefferson Avenue car (East) ; or bus. 

Open: 8:00 A. M. to 12:00 M.; 1:00 P. M. to 5:00 P. M. and Saturday 8:00 
A. M. to 12:00 M. 

Note: Visitors should apply to Dr. E. M. Houghton, Medical Besearch 
and Biological Laboratories. 

Wayne County Medical Society Ethel L. Goff, Librarian 

Organized: 1910. 

Character of Collection: Medicine. 

Size: 14,800 volumes. 

Location: 65 E. High Street. 

Walk four blocks north of Grand Circus Park on Woodward Avenue to High 

Street. 
Open: 10:00 A. M. to 6:00 P. M. 

Public Libraries Near Detroit 

McGregor Public Library of Highland Park 

Katharyne G. Sleneau, Librarian 

Organized: October 11, 1919. 

Size: 18,000 volumes. 

Location: 12244 Woodward Avenue, Highland Park. 

Take Woodward Avenue car north to Bhode Island Avenue. 

Open: 9:30 A. M. to 9:00 P. M. 

Note: Highland Park has a population of 46,500, according to 1920 census. 

It was a village of only 4,120 in 1910. It has had the largest increase, 

excepting only Hamtramck, its neighbor, of any city in the United States. 

It has been a unique experience to start a library in so large a city, and 

to keep up with its demands. 

Port Huron Public Library Constance Bement, Librarian 

ORGAmzED: 1896. 

Size: 29,000 volumes. 

Location: 1115 Sixth Street (one block west of Harrington Hotel), Port 

Huron. 
Reached from Detroit: Detroit United Railway (Limited cars run every 

two hours) ; or by boat. 
Open: 9:00 A. M. to 9:00 P. M.; Sundays 2:00 P. M. to 5:30 P. M. 
Note: Small museum; special collection of Michigan maps. 

21 



St. Clair County Library Service. Constance Bement, Librarian 
Organized: 1917. 
Size: Uses book resources of Port Huron Library; consists of six rural 

branches. 
Location: 1115 Sixth Street (Port Huron Public Library). 
Reached from Detroit: Detroit United Railway; or by boat. 
Open: 9:00 A. M. to 9:00 P. M.; Sundays, 2:00 P. M. to 5:30 P. M. 

Sarnia (Canada) Public Library Ruby Harkness, Librarian 

Organized: 1899. 
Size: 17,000 volumes. 

Location: Carnegie Library Building, Sarnia, Canada. 

Reached from Detroit: Grand Trunk Railway to Port Huron; or by boat. 
Open: 10:00 A. M. to 5:30 P. M.; 7:00 P. M. to 9:30 P. M. 
Note: Has display of Canadian paintings loaned by National Art Gallery, 
Ottawa, Ontario. 

Wayne County Library Service. Loleta L Dawson, Librarian 

Organized: January, 1921. 

Size: 6,000 volumes; consists of thirteen library centers. 

Location: Scripps Branch of Detroit Public Library, corner of Grand River 

and Trumbull Avenues. 
Walk south on Washington Boulevard two blocks to Grand River Avenue; and 

take Grand River car. 
Open: 10:00 A. M. to 5:00 P. M. 

Windsor (Canada) Public Library... Agnes Lancefield, Librarian 

Organized: December 6, 1894. 

Size: About 33,414 volumes. 

Location: 400 Victoria Avenue, corner Park Street and Victoria Avenue, 

Windsor, Canada. 
Reached from Detroit: Woodward Avenue car south to river, then take 

Windsor Ferry. Library is four blocks from Windsor Dock. 
Open: 9:00 A. M. to 9:30 P. M. 

Ypsilanti Ladies Library Lucy B. Loomis, Librarian 

Organized: 1868. 

Size: About 1200 volumes. 

Location: Starkweather Library, 130 North Huron Street. 

Reached from Detroit: Michigan Central Railroad or Detroit United 

Railway. 
Open: 3:00 P. M. to 8:00 P. M.; Saturday, 10:00 A. M. to 12:00 M. 

In close proximity to Detroit are many small cities and towns 
with interesting libraries, such as Royal Oak, Birmingham, Mt. 
Clemens and others. Directions for reaching them may be secured 
at the Information Desk. 



School Libraries 

Thirty of the platoon (elementary) schools of Detroit 
have libraries. They are controlled by the Board of Education 
which supphes the room, equipment and books. In buildings 
located more than three quarters of a mile from any public library 
agency the Public Library has purchased a collection of children's 

22 



books and placed them in the school libraries as a permanent de- 
posit. The amount of money spent in each school is determined 
by the enrollment above the second grade. 

Representatives of the Board of Education meet in conference 
with representatives of the Schools Division and Children's De- 
partment of the Public Library to select books for purchase and 
to discuss administrative problems. 

Librarians are appointed and paid by the Board of Education. 
The Librarian of the Public Library is given an opportunity to 
review all applications for appointment. 

Platoon School Libraries were opened in 1921 and 1922 in the 
following schools: 

Angell, Balch, Bishop, Carstens, Columbian, Cooper, Cros- 
MAN, Davison, Doty, Dwyer, Estabrook, George, Greusel, 
Keating, Lincoln, Hely, A. L. Holmes, Lingeman, Long- 
fellow, *McMiCHAEL, *Marr, Marxhausen, Maybee, 
Moore, *Pattengill, Russell, Sampson, Thirkell, White 
and Wingert. 

In February, 1922, libraries were opened in the following In- 
termediate Schools: 

Barbour, *Hutchins and Condon. 

High School Libraries 

*Cass Technical High Grand River Avenue and 

Second Boulevard 

Number of Volumes, 4,500. 
Organized in 1909. 

*Central High Cass Avenue between Hancock and Warren 

Number of volumes, 12,850. 

Organized in 1893. 

Eastern Grand Boulevard E. and Mack Avenue 

Number of volumes, 4,500. 

Organized in 1900. 

23 



Northeastern 4830 Grandy Avenue 

Number of volumes, 3,300. 

Organized in 1917. 

Northern 9026 Woodward Avenue 

Number of volumes, 3,000. 

Organized in 1917. 

Northwestern 6300 Grand River Avenue 

Number of volumes, 5,000. 

Organized in 1914. 

Southeastern 3030 Fairview Avenue 

Number of volumes, 3,500. 

Organized in 1918. 



Western 



1500 Scotten Avenue 



Number of volumes, 4,000. 
Organized in 1898. 



*Teachers College Library 2112 Grand Boulevard, W. 

Number of volumes, 10,300. 

Organized in 1900. 

Board of Education Library 1354 Broadway 

Organized in 1919. 

*Libraries open during the convention. 



State and University Libraries 

Davis Library of Highway Engineering and Highway 

Transport Harriet E. Lambert, Librarian 

Organized: 1910 by National Highways Association. 

Character of Collection: Highway engineering and highway transport 

and aUied subjects. 
Location: Room 407, Engineering Building, University of Michigan, Ann 

Arbor, Michigan. 
Reached from Detroit: Via Detroit United Railway, or Michigan Central 

Railroad. 

24 



Open: 8:00 A. M. to 12:00 M. and 1:30 P. M. to 5:00 P. M,, Mondays to 
Fridays; 8:00 A. M. to 12:00 M. Saturdays. 

Note: Contains the most complete collection of literature on highway en- 
gineering and highway transport in the United States. 

Michigan Agricultural College Library 

Mrs. Linda E. Landon, Librarian 

Organized: 1857. 

Size: About 48,000 volumes (not including documents). 

Location: East Lansing, Michigan. 

Reached from Detroit: Michigan Central Railroad or Pere Marquette 

Railroad to Lansing; street cars to college. 
Open: 7:30 A. M. to 9:00 P. M.; Sundays 10:00 A. M. to 1:00 P. M. and 2:00 

P. M. to 5:00 P. M. 

Michigan State Library Mrs. Mary C. Spencer, Librarian 

Organized: 1828. 

Size: 300,000 volumes. 

Location: Law Library in Capitol Building; General Library in new State 

Building, corner Washtenaw and Walnut Streets, Lansing, Michigan. 
Reached from Detroit: Via Michigan Central, Pere Marquette, or Grand 

Trunk Railways. 
Open: 8:00 A. M. to 5:00 P. M.; Saturday 8:00 A. M. to 4:00 P. M. 

Michigan State Normal College Library 

G. M. Walton, Librarian 

Organized: 1852. 

Size: 50,000 volumes. 

Location: College Campus, corner Cross and Brower Streets, Ypsilanti, 

Michigan. 
Reached from Detroit: By Michigan Central Railroad or Detroit United 

Railway. 
Open: 7:00 A. M. to 9:00 P. M. 
Note: Has a special library in Training Department of 4,000 volumes and 

5,000 pictures, for teachers and pupils of the elementary schools. 

University of Detroit, School of Commerce and Finance 

Library Rev. H. W. Otting, S. J., in charge 

Size: 500 volumes. 

Location: 630 East Jefferson Avenue, Room 215. 

Reached from Hotel Statler: Woodward Avenue car south, transfer to 

Jefferson E. ; or Jefferson bus. 
Open: 9:00 A. M. to 3:00 P. M. 

University of Michigan, General Library 

William W. Bishop, Librarian 

Organized: 1837. 

Size: 457,847 volumes. 

Location: General Library, University of Michigan. 

Reached from Detroit: By the Michigan Central Railroad or by the 
Detroit United Railway. 

Open: 7:45 A. M. to 10:00 P. M. 

Note: The General Library includes all the libraries of the University ex- 
cept the Law Library, which contains over 40,000 volumes and is housed separate- 
ly in the Law BuUding. The only collections having separate rooms in other build- 
ings are the Law Library, just mentioned, the Natural Science Library (16,648 vol- 
umes). Natural Science Building; Chemistry Library (10,788 volumes). Chemical 
Laboratory; Engineering and Architectursd Libraries (19,220 volumes), Engineer- 
ing Building; Dental Library (3,644 volumes), Dental Building. The Medical 

25 



Library is housed in the General Library Building but has separate Reading Rooms 
for medical students (32,598 volumes). 

The General Library Building, which was dedicated in January 1920, contains 
a General Reading Room, a Periodical Reading Room, a Medical Reading Room, 
two Study Halls, four Graduate Reading Rooms, and a number of class rooms be- 
sides the offices of the Library Staff and the Printing and Binding Plant. The 
Building is fire-proof, of reinforced concrete construction, and interesting as show- 
ing modern methods in library design. There is a series of Rare Books' Rooms, 
with a Curator's Office, containing bibliographical treasures belonging to the 
University. 

The special collections are: Shakespeare; Goethe; Carlyle; Parsons Economic 
Library; Worcester Collection of the Philippine Islands; the Morris Philosophical 
Library. The files of scientific, technical and philological journals are extensive, as 
are the transactions of learned societies and academies. The Clements Library 
of American History is being erected. The books are still in Bay City. 

Library Extension Service of the University Library consists of the distri- 
bution of pamphlets, clippings and magazines to high schools and various organi- 
zations throughout the state, such as Parent-Teachers' Associations, Public Health 
Nurses, Women's Clubs, Granges, etc. The work is in charge of Miss Edith 
Thomas. 

Buildings and Parks 

Detroit is usually known as an industrial city. Certain artistic 
features of some of its prominent buildings and open spaces, general- 
ly overlooked, are here pointed out as worthy of note, together with 
some legendary or historical data, and some other facts which may 
be interesting. 

Buildings 

First National Bank Building 
(Woodward Avenue at Cadillac Square) 

Rising three hundred and twelve feet above the street level, 
the First National Bank Building, with its Corinthian columns sup- 
porting tier upon tier of Bedford stone blocks, creates an impression 
of dignity and stability. 

The seventy-four bell-shaped concrete shafts forming the 
foundations of this twenty-five story structure extend eighty-five 
feet below street level, the lowest level of the building proper being 
thirty-five feet below the street. 

The three entrances from Woodward Avenue open into a spa- 
cious lobby from which an ornate marble staircase leads to the bank- 
ing quarters of the First National Bank. Here the design of the 
rich frieze, ceiling and bronze griUings reflects the Renaissance spirit. 

The mezzanine floor is given over to advertising, legal and ser- 
vice departments and the bank library, while the upper floors are 

26 



devoted to business offices, directors' rooms and dining rooms for 
employees. 

The entrance to the safety deposit vaults is directly under the 
grand stairway. These vaults are the first in the west to be built 
in accordance with the findings of the Federal Reserve Board. 

Due to its height and advantageous position, a better view of 
the city and its environs may be had from the roof of this building 
than from any other point. 

General Motors Building 

(West Grand Boulevard between Cass Avenue and Second 
Boulevard) 

Simple, straighforward construction and fine materials are ef- 
fectively combined in this structure which bears the distinction of be- 
ing the largest office building in the world designed to meet the needs 
of a single corporation. 

The main portion fronting on the Boulevard is comprised of 
ground-floor shops for the display of products of the corporation 
with office building above. To the rear is a five-story laboratory 
for technical research purposes. 

The chief architectiual features of the main building are the 
ground floor arcade and the shaft of piers with uniform windows. 
Above the shaft is a Corinthian colonnade surmounted by a digni- 
fied cornice. 

The triple-arched loggia with its Ionic columns of pofished gran- 
ite has a vaulted ceihng of coff'ered and skillfully carved stone. The 
entrance doorways are of Tennessee marble carved after the design 
of an old Roman doorway. All the ornamentation is of the early 
Italian Renaissance style. Above the center arch of the main en- 
trance is a monumental clock supported by two sculptured figures 
representing Chemistry and Mechanics. 

R. H. Fyfe Building 

(Woodward Avenue and Adams Avenue, West) 
Viewed from any angle, the slim, graceful silhouette of the R. 
H. Fyfe Building is a source of never-ending pleasure to the eye. J 
The soaring Gothic lines of this dignified gray stone structure 
are strengthened by the upward sweep of the windows whose span- 
drels of dark bronze are so designed as to secure an eff'ect of contin- 
uous, unbroken line. A happy sense of balance obtains not only in 

27 



the masses but also in the details in which fine proportion and re- 
finement of scale are consistently maintained. 

Real Estate Exchange Building 
(Cadillac Square) 
Variety and interest is introduced in Detroit's skyUne by the 
white Gothic spires which top the twenty-story shaft of the Real 
Estate Exchange Building. White terracotta with applied bronze 
ornament in simple Gothic style forms the fagade of this busy office 
building, while the arcade corridor is handsome with green and white 
marble, bronze decorations and arched ceiling. 

Arts and Crafts Society 
(47 Watson Street) 
In this building, work rooms for craftsmen, shops where their 
handiwork may be purchased, galleries, reception rooms and a uni- 
quely equipped theatre have been provided. The unpretentious 
charm of English domestic architecture is here happily exempfified 
in the soft brown stucco walls, the red tile roof with its gay chimney 
pots of blue and yellow Pewabic tiles and its flagged court-yard. 

Capitol Theatre 
(Broadway at Grand Circus Park) 
Said to be fifth largest moving picture theatre in the world, it 
covers three-quarters of a city block and seats 4,250. 

The lighting system is said to be the most complete ever de- 
vised for a theatre. Ten thousand lights are used for its illumina- 
tion though less than one hundred are visible. 

Woman's Exchange 
(47 Adams Avenue, East) 
The facade is fashioned in the style of the Butcher's Guild at 
Hereford, England, even to the faithful reproduction of the quaint 
gable carvings and rope and tassel ornaments of the original. The 
interior has been modified as fittle as is consistent with modern re- 
quirements. 

Hotel Statler 
The general architectural treatment of the interior follows the 
Adam Style. 

28 



The two lower stories are of buff Indiana limestone on a granite 
base while the shaft of the building is of wire-cut brick laid with 
mortar in Enghsh cross bond thus giving an effective pattern in the 
wall surfaces. The three upper stories are of brick and terra cotta 
ornamented with Adamesque placques and classic urns. 



Churches 

Church of the Messiah, corner Grand Boulevard and Lafayette 
Avenue, E. 

Fine reredos by I. Kirchmayer, woodcarver, Oberammergau. 

First Congregational Church, Woodward Avenue at Forest 

Avenue. 

One of the finest examples of Byzantine architecture in America. 

Tower like those of Jaro and Jak in Dalmatia. 

Interior like lower Church of St. Francis of Assisi. 

Side arches copies of those in St. Vitale and Museum at Ravenna. 

Architect, John Lyman Faxon, Boston. 

Stained glass, Donald McDonald, Boston. 

Tower angel, J. L. J. O'Kelly, Boston. 

Axtist for ceiling decorations, Miss Lyle Durgon, Boston. 

First Unitarian Church, Woodward Avenue at Edmund Place. 

Stained glass windows, John La Farge. 

Merrill window: Erected by Mrs. Thomas W. Palmer to her father Charles 

Merrill, one of the founders of the First Unitarian Church. Placed in 

1890. 
Bagley window: Erected to Governor John J. Bagley. Inscription "Write 

me as one who loves his fellow men." 
Remick window: Erected to Royal Clark Remick. Several interpretations: 

(1) Angel of Help; (2) Angel pouring the waters of life; (3) Angel 

washing away the sins of the world. 
Boynton window: Erected to Judge Albert G. Boynton. Design is that of 

knight taking off armor at close of day, entering portal of another life. 

Inscription from Edwin Arnold's "Death in Arabia." 

Fort Street Presbyterian Church, corner Fort Street and 

Third Avenue. 

Called one of the finest examples of pure Gothic architecture in America. 
Lantern tower in northeast corner, spires and interior trusses supporting 
roof especially fine. 

Mariners' Church, Woodbridge Street and Woodward Avenue. 

First stone church in Michigan. 

Erected in 1849 with funds provided by bequests of Miss Charlotte A. Taylor 
and her sister Mrs. Julia Ann Anderson. 

Lower floor has always been used for business purposes, thus providing in- 
come for maintenance. 

Pews forever free. 

Episcopal services each Sunday 12:30 P. M. 

29 



Ste. Anne de Detroit, 19th and Howard Streets. 

Original church founded by Cadillac in 1701. 

Mother parish of all Catholic churches of the city. 

Three times burned, this building is the sixth to be occupied by this parish. 

St. Leo's Catholic Church, Grand River Avenue near Warren 
Avenue, West. 

Modelled after the Madeleine in Paris. 
Italian Renaissance style. 

One of the largest auditoriums in the United States entirely without pilleirs; 
seats 1800. 

St, Paul's (Episcopal) Cathedral, Woodward Avenue at Hancock 
Avenue. 

Architect, Ralph Adams Cram. 

Altar of Caen stone contains replica of the Maltese cross of the Canterbury 
Cathedral (14th century). 

Windows over Altar (Eaton Memorial) represent scenes in the life of Christ 
from Palm Sunday to Ascension. 

Reredos: Carved oak, by I. Kirchmayer. 

Figures: Christ, St. John, St. Peter and St. Paul; the Virgin, St. Augustine 
of Canterbury and St. Columba of lona. 

Pulpit and lectern by I. Kirchmayer. 

Tile work in sanctuary choir and aisles is of Pewabic tiling, unusual and re- 
markable for coloring. 

Ceiling: Coats of arms of dioceses in America; coats of arms of Michigan; 
roses, connecting with English tradition; three crosses for Trinity, the 
central doctrine of the church; green field for agricultural interests; pine 
cones for lumber. 



Parks 

BELLE ISLE 

707 acres. 

23^ miles long; 53^ miles of shore drive; 143^ miles of driveway. 

Is 18 inches above lake level but is never submerged. 

Points of Interest 

East Side of Island: Bathhouse, designed by W. B. Stratton. 

Detroit Boat Club (oldest boat club in America, organized in 

1839). 
Detroit Yacht Club. 

Flagstaff: near Casino, 146 feet high; two cannons nearby: one 
captured in harbor defence of Santiago, July 4, 1898; one from 
Battle of Vicksburg. 

Aquarium: Contains 44 waU tanks; 3 floor pools. Many varieties 
of fresh and salt water fish. 



Zoological Gardens: Covers 15 acres and contains about 60 

species of birds and animals — bears, buffalos, deer, elk, ostriches, 

etc. 
Conservatories: Contain plants from all parts of the world. 
Boat Houses: Where canoes may be rented, near steamboat 

wharf. 
Playgrounds are located near the center of the park, where are 

also tennis courts and ball grounds. A public golf course is 

laid out near the head of the island. 
Drinking Fountains: 

W. K. Muir memorial fountain erected in 1897. 

Fountain presented by James E. Scripps "Newsboy and his 
dog." Frederick A. T. Dunbar, sculptor. 




Belle Isle Canal Scene 

Monuments: 

Schiller, Herman N. Matzen, of Cleveland, sculptor. 

General Aipheus Williams equestrian statue, Henry Merwin 
Schrady, sculptor. 

Scott fountain now in process of construction. Cass Gilbert, 
designer. James Scott bequeathed his entire fortune to 
the city for the erection of a memorial fountain on Belle Isle. 
South portion of island has been fiUed in for this purpose, 
thus adding 45 acres to area. 
History: 

Original purchase price when George McDougall bought the 
Island from the Indians in 1780 is said to have been 8 bar- 
rels of rum, 6 pounds of paints, 3 rolls of tobacco and 
wampum. 

31 



It was infested by rattlesnakes; so a herd of hogs was turned in 
to exterminate them; hence the name Hog Island or Isle 
au Cochons. 

Renamed Belle Isle July 4, 1845, in honor of Miss Isabella Cass. 

Bought by city in 1879 for $200,000. 

Now valued at $20,000,000. 

Belle Isle Bridge: 

Of reinforced concrete and of cantilever type with 19 spans. 

Total length 2,193 feet. 
It will be 85 feet wide, with 59 feet of roadway to accommodate 

4 automobiles going in each direction, with a 12 foot walk 

on each side. 
GreiHng Bros., Green Bay, Wis. and Wisconsin Bridge and 

Iron Company of JVIilwaukee, contractors. 
Subway under Jefferson Avenue leading to bridge 171 feet long. 

PALMER PARK 

614, miles from the City Hall on Woodward Avenue. 

13^2 miles long; 600-1200 feet wide; contains about 130 acres. Laid 

out as a park in 1870; presented to the city in 1893 by Senator 

Thomas W. Palmer, whose family had owned the land since 1827. 
Includes two lakes; several islands; Log cabin, built of round logs 

with chimney at either end. Furnished in the fashion of 100 

years ago. 

Campus Martius, provided for in Governor Woodward's plan of 
the city. It was named for the principal square in Marietta, 
Ohio, the first capital of the old Northwest Territory. Across 
from the City Hall is the Soldiers' and Sailors' monument, by 
Randolph Rogers, erected in 1871. Two fountains are memo- 
rials: Bagley fountain, designed by H. H. Richardson, given 
by the Bagley family Merrill fountain, in the triangle in front 
of the Opera House, given by Senator and Mrs. Thomas W. 
Palmer as a memorial to Mrs. Palmer's family. 

Capitol Square Park. Triangular park at the head of Griswold 
Street. It was the site of the old capitol before Lansing was 
made state capital. The building was afterwards used as a 
high school, and was destroyed by fire in 1894. The park con- 
tains the statue of Stevens T. Mason, first governor of the State 

32 



of Michigan, by Albert Weinman. Bronze from old cannon, 
donated by the War department, was used for the statue. 
It was unveiled Memorial Day, 1908. 

Cass Park, 2nd Boulevard, between Ledyard Street and Temple 
Avenue, donated by Lewis Cass in 1860. Contains the Robert 
Burns statue, an exact replica of a statue by George C. 
Lawson, at Ayr, Scotland. 

Grand Circus Park, contemplated in Governor Woodward's plan 
of the city. It is shaped like a half-circle. Adams Avenue 
on the north marks the boundary of the section of the city laid 
out according to the "Governor and Judges' plan." It was 
originally intended to be circular in shape, being one of the 
"Grand Circles or Circuses," which with smaller centers 
for converging streets were to provide breathing places for 
the great city which Judge WoodwEird foresaw. West park: 
Hazen S. Pingree monument by Schwartz. East park: William 
H. Maybury monument (Albert Weinman, sculptor), erected 
by popular subscription ; also General Russell A. Alger memorial 
fountain (D. C. French, sculptor). 

Washington Boulevard Park (central). Extends four blocks 
from Michigan Avenue to Park Avenue. 
At the north end: statue of Columbus, donated to the city by 

the Italians of Detroit. 
At the south end, near Michigan Avenue: statue of GenereJ 

Alexander Macomb (Albert Weinman, sculptor), erected 

by U. S. Daughters of 1812. 

Waterworks Park or Gladwin Park is situated between the river 
front and Jefferson Avenue E. Four miles from City Hall. 
At the entrance to the park is the Hurlbut Memorial Gate of 
granite, erected by the Board of Water Commissioners to 
Chauncey Hurlbut, an early Water Commissioner, who left 
$250,000 for the maintenance of the park grounds and a 
library (The Chauncey Hurlbut Branch of the Public 
Library) . A floral clock is a feature of the park. 



33 



Centers for Social Work 

For some years past the influx of foreign-born peoples into 
Detroit has been heavy, until now the foreign races almost over- 
balance the native-born white stock. There is a flourishing Chinese 
colony in the city and on Porter Street near Third Avenue may be 
found some interesting Chinese shops. There are, also, many 
Chinese restaurants in various localities about town. A Moham- 
medan mosque has been built in Highland Park for the many Syrian 
and Turkish adherents of that faith who have settled there, at- 
tracted by the Ford industries. The Italian groups are found, for 
the most part, on the East side, especially on the streets bordering 
the River and between Hastings and Elmwood Streets. There is 
another Italian group somewhat to the north of this, and in almost 
the exact center of a very large negro settlement. On the far west- 
ern end of the city between Dix and West Warren Avenues and on 
the East side in Hamtramck and south of it are large Polish colonies. 
The nationality and racial characteristics predominating in these 
various groups lend a touch of interest to ofttimes sordid surround- 
ings. 

Some of the more notable attempts at social betterment in 
Detroit are mentioned in the following brief summary (facts sup- 
plied by the Detroit Community Union): 

Serving as an interpreting and recruiting agency under the 
Young Women's Christian Association, the International Institute 
(2015 Witherell Street) aims to create a sympathetic relationship 
between American and foreign-born women. It maintains a foreign 
speaking staff", and through co-operation with other agencies secures 
protection, instruction and recreation for the newly-arrived im- 
migrant girl, and provides classes in child care and domestic science 
for women of all nationalities. 

The Tau Beta association (3055 Hanley Avenue, Hamtramck) 
is in the heart of a Polish neighborhood. The new building in 
which the work is conducted is most interesting and provides for a 
day nursery, a neighborhood laundry with modern facilities and for 
domestic science departments. A wide variety of activities which 
have a triple aim are conducted: recreation, education, Ameri- 
canization, the recreational work being under the direction of pro- 

34 



fessional play leaders. The Babies' Milk Fund Clinic operates 
from Tau Beta community house. 

Several experiments organized along religious lines are of un- 
usual interest. Among these are the United Jewish charities (687 
High Street E.) which is engaged in contructive family case work, 
clinics, Americanization, etc. It maintains the Jewish Institute, 
a community center doing very comprehensive work. The Wein- 
man settlement (1573 Lamed Street, E.) and St. Ann's Community 
House (2441 Andrus Avenue) are maintained by the League of 
Catholic women. At Weinman Street the usual settlement activi- 
ties are carried on, but St. Ann's is equipped to care for immigrant 
Polish girls who have but recently arrived in the city or who are 
out of work. Classes in English and citizenship, home nursing, 
recreation and sewing are among the activities conducted. 

South of Jefferson Avenue is a large district with a polyglot 
population in which Rumanians, Greek, Syrians and Armenians 
predominate. Here the Franklin Street settlement (2129 Franklin 
Street) conducts neighborhood visiting, neighborhood parties and 
dances, classes in physical education for both children and adults, 
clinics, both prenatal and baby welfare, a day nursery, an employ- 
ment bureau and various other activities. 

Chase Street neighborhood house (1434 Chase Street) was 
organized by the Twentieth Century Club in the midst of this 
densely populated Italian and Sicilian neighborhood. Here Ameri- 
canization work has been stressed. Other activities include cook- 
ing classes, classes in English, and a kindergarten. 

For delinquent children, there are two institutions which are 
of more than passing interest. One is the Juvenile Detention Home 
(1030 Hancock Avenue, E.) where children who are being held as 
witnesses or whose cases are pending are sheltered and cared for. 
The other, the Ford Republic, is maintained at Farmington by the 
Boys' Home and D'Arcambal association for boys from ten to six- 
teen years who are committed by the Wayne County Juvenile 
court on an indeterminate sentence. The institution is operated 
on the principles of self-government and the boys elect their own 
officers and handle matters of discipline in a citizen's court presided 
over by a judge selected from among themselves, issue all their 
own rules and circulate their own currency. A graded school sys- 

35 



tern is maintained and a certain amount of farm work is done by 
the boys. 

At Farmington are also located the first units of the Methodist 
Children's Home, and certain of the buildings of the Children's 
Free Hospital of Michigan — an institution of especial interest of- 
fering school training and orthopaedic treatment to its patients. 

The Merrill-Palmer school (71 Ferry Avenue E.) is an experi- 
mental school operated upon an endowment fund bequeathed by 
Mrs. Lizzie Merrill Palmer for the maintenance of a school at which 
girls and young women may be "educated, trained, developed and 
disciplined with special reference to fitting them for the functions 
of wifehood and motherhood and the management, supervision and 
inspiration of homes." Courses of instruction are given and a 
nursery school for children of pre-school age is maintained in charge 
of graduates of English schools. 

The Detroit Urban League maintains at 1911 St. Antoine 
Street a clearing house for social service among negroes. It also 
operates a community center in the heart of a negro district at 
553 Columbia Street. Here there is a baby clinic, a domestic science 
training school, sewing, music and dancing classes, and club rooms 
for boys and girls. 

The Detroit Bureau of Governmental Research (542 Griswold 
Street) is a non-partisan organization, taking no part in elec- 
tions or appointments. It attempts "to get things done for De- 
troit through co-operation with persons in office by increasing ef- 
ficiency and ehminating waste; to serve as an independent, non- 
partisan agency for keeping the citizens informed about the city's 
business." The Bureau pubhshes at intervals a very interesting 
little bulletin called "Public Business," in which appear from time 
to time digests of city reports, and various compilations of statistical 
data of considerable importance. 

The Detroit Community Union (542 Griswold Street) is the 
local association of charitable, philanthropic and civic agencies 
which was organized to secure economy and efficiency among them, 
to eliminate duplication of eff'ort and to meet adequately the social 
needs of the city. The financial end of the social welfare work 
of the city of Detroit has, since 1918, been organized as a financial 
federation known as the Detroit Community Fund. This organiza-r 
tion is responsible for the acquisition and disbursement of funds to 

36 



local philanthropic, charitable and civic organizations and to foreign 
rehef agencies. The 1921 campaign for funds enlisted the support 
of 115,000 subscribers and raised $2,300,000. 

The Development of Detroit 
Industries 

The economic development of Detroit's manufacturing interests 
took place after the coming of the Americans into this district and 
as transportation facilities increased. During the French regime 
in the eighteenth century, commerce and industrial interests con- 
sisted chiefly in the fur trade, in flour mills, in soap, candles, liquors 
and in tanneries. Later under the British, conditions remained 
unchanged, outside of the introduction of ship-building, which be- 
came one of Detroit's chief industries, as the Detroit yards were 
the only ones on the Great Lakes. 

From 1820 to 1880 there was a considerable increase in the 
variety and value of manufactures. In this period, the most im- 
portant industries that were introduced were the manufacture of 
drugs, tobacco, cigars, varnish, stoves, copper, iron and steel, foun- 
dry and machinery, slaughtering and packing products. In 1899 
the automobile industry was developed with the manufacture of 
the Oldsmobile, and today Detroit ranks as the automotive capitol 
of the world. That Detroit became the home of such an industry 
is due more or less to the fact that Michigan ranked as one of the 
first states in the manufacture of carriages, wagons and wheels. 

Although at the present time the production of motor cars 
and automobile accessories comprises the greatest percent of any 
particular kind of manufactured product, Detroit also stands prom- 
inent in the production of many other kinds of manufactured goods, 
such as stoves, computing machines, and varnish. The relative 
status of the various industries in Detroit as regards v alue of their 
products is as follows: first in the manufacture of automobiles, in 
which this city ranks first in the country, second in foundry 
and machine shop products, third in brass and brass products, in 
which it stands second in the country, fourth in computing machines, 
fifth in pharmaceuticals, sixth in tobacco and cigars, seventh in 
the chemical industry, eighth in the stove industry, ninth in iron 
and steel products and tenth in aluminum casting. 

37 



Recreational Facilities 

BELLE ISLE is Detroit's most easily available playground. 
A pleasant way to reach it is by ferry boat lea ving every twenty minutes 
from the foot of Woodward Avenue. Many people enjoy taking 
picnic suppers on board the boat and riding during the evening with- 
out going ashore. Fare 20 cents. 

The Belle Isle Bath House, a short walk from the main ferry 
dock has accommodations for 20,000 swimmers a day : reasonable 
charge for suits and towels. 

Canoes may be rented on the island from the Belle Isle boat 
house near the main ferry dock for 20 cents an hour. Both swini- 
ing and canoeing are extremely popular with Detroiters. 

The most direct route to the Bath House and to the upper, 
less-frequented end of the Island is by Jefferson bus to Belle Isle 
bridge, and City bus or small ferry boat direct to the Bath House. 

Free tennis courts are available on the Island. Walks through 
the woods toward the upper end and along the outer drive are at- 
tractive. Fire places are provided for outdoor cooking. There is 
also a Casino which serves meals. 

GROSSE POINTE on Lake St. Clair is Detroit's most beauti- 
ful residence section and should not be missed. Take Jefferson bus 
to the city limits, Wier Lane street car to Country Club, and walk 
along the lake shore. Car returning to the city may be taken at Wier 
Leme. This trip needs about three hours, but it is worth that time. 

CRANBROOK ESTATE, owned by Mr. George Booth, is 
reached by Pontiac interurban car to Cranbrook road in Bloomfield 
Hills, 1 hour and 15 minutes from the city. Modelled after Enghsh 
estates, lying in an attractive walking district, it makes a pleasant 
objective point for a drive or walk. Cranbrook has an open air 
theatre where Mr. Sam Hume and others have presented plays. 
The Lone Pine Tea Room on Woodward Avenue, at Lone Pine 
Road, furnishes excellent food. 

GROSSE ILE is a beautiful island down the river. It is best 
reached by automobile via Wyandotte and Trenton, but a Trenton 
interurban car passes the Grosse He toll bridge. From there it is 
about a two-mile walk to the outer shore of the island. 1 hour and 
30 minutes each way by interurban, plus walking time. 

For further suggestions and for facilities for tennis, horseback 
riding, hiking, baseball, bowhng, billards, and dancing, ask at the 
Information desk. 

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